Большинство современных автомобилей оборудованных системами впрыска топлива включают в себя и систему диагностики OBD-II. Одним из непременных условий системы - это совместимость функционирования со стандартными устройствами диагностики. Данные устройства могут быть построены на базе внешнего персонального компьютера или тестера, которые подключаются к 16-ти контактному диагностическому разъему (см. Рис.1). Разъем должен располагаться в легко-доступном месте со стороны переднего пассажира.  Следует отметить, что наличие аналогичного разъема не является признаком совместимости с OBD-II. Автомобили оборудованные этой системой обязательно должны иметь отметку на одной из табличек в подкапотном пространстве и/или в сопроводительной документации.

СИСТЕМА ДИАГНОСТИКИ OBD-II
 
Рис.1
          Диагностический разъем предназначен для скоростного обмена данными с устройствами диагностики по одному из трех специальных протоколов обмена данными. Данный способ позволяет считывать коды ошибок и стирать их, корректировать некоторые предустановки в RAM
и считывать текущее значение параметров датчиков установленных на автомобиле.
          Чаще всего используемый протокол можно идентифицировать по наличию/отсутствию определенных контактов на диагностическом разъеме. Если на этом разъеме присутствуют все контакты, следует обратиться к технической документации на конкретный автомобиль.

Назначение контактов диагностического разъема.

Контакт 02 - J1850 Bus+
Контакт 04 - Chassis Ground
Контакт 05 - Signal Ground
Контакт 06 - CAN High (J-2284)
Контакт 07 - ISO 9141-2 K Line
Контакт 10 - J1850 Bus
Контакт 14 - CAN Low (J-2284)
Контакт 15 - ISO 9141-2 L Line
Контакт 16 - Battery Power

        Протокол  ISO 9141-2 идентифицируется наличием контакта 7 и отсутствием 2 и/или 10 контактов на диагностическом разъеме. Если отсутствует контакт 7, в системе используется протокол SAE J1850 VPW (Variable Pulse Width Modulation) или SAE J1850 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation).  Все три протокола обмена данных работают через стандартный кабель OBD-II J1962 connector.

Контакты диагностического разъема
для используемых протоколов.

Контакты  4, 5, 7, 15, 16 - ISO 9141-2.
Контакты  2, 4, 5, 10, 16 - J1850 PWM.
Контакты  2, 4, 5, 16 (без 10) - J1850 VPW.

          При наличии критической ошибки, на приборной панели автомобиля загорается лампа "MIL", которая указывает на необходимость проведения диагностики автомобиля. При этом в памяти контроллера фиксируется пяти-значный код ошибки. Коды ошибок включают в себя три категории:

"P" - is for powertrain codes;
"B" - is for body codes;
"C" - is for chassis codes.

Категория указывается в первой позиции пяти-значного кода ошибки. Вторая позиция в этом коде говорит о стандарте, где "0" - общий для OBD-II код или "1" - если код производителя.
Третья позиция идентифицирует тип неисправности:

"1" и "2" - неисправности в топливной системе и/или воздухоподачи;
"3" - проблемы в системе зажигания;
"4" - для вспомогательного контроля эмиссии;
"5" - проблемы холостого хода;
"6" - неисправности контроллера и/или его выходных цепей;
"7" и "8" - неисправности трансмиссии.

Четвертая и пятая позиции пяти-значного кода ошибки указывают непосредственно на саму ошибку. 
 


DTC
 
DEFINITIONS
P0102
P0103
Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor circuit low input
Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor circuit high input
P0106
P0107
P0108
Barometric Pressure (BP) sensor circuit performance
Barometric Pressure (BP) sensor circuit low input
Barometric Pressure (BP) sensor circuit high input
P0112
P0113
P0117
P0118
Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor circuit low input
Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor circuit high input
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor circuit low input
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor circuit high input
P0121
P0122
P0123
In-range operating Throttle Position (TP) sensor circuit failure
Throttle Position (TP) sensor circuit low input
Throttle Position (TP) sensor circuit high input
P0125
Insufficient coolant temperature to enter closed loop fuel control
P0131
P0133
P0135
P0136
P0141
Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 11) circuit out of range low voltage (Bank #1)
Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 11) circuit slow response (Bank #1)
Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor Heater (HTR 11) circuit malfunction (Bank #1)
Downstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 12) circuit malfunction (Bank # 1)
Downstream Heated Oxygen Sensor Heater (HTR 12) circuit malfunction (Bank # 1)
P0151
P0153
P0155
Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 21) circuit out of range low voltage (Bank # 2)
Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 21) circuit slow response (Bank # 2)
Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor Heater (HTR 21) circuit malfunction (Bank # 2)
P0156
P0161
Downstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 22) circuit malfunction (Bank # 2)
Downstream Heated Oxygen Sensor Heater (HTR 22) circuit malfunction (Bank # 2)
P0171
P0172
P0174
P0175
System (adaptive fuel) too lean (Bank # 1)
System (adaptive fuel) too rich (Bank # 1)
System (adaptive fuel) too lean (Bank # 2)
System (adaptive fuel) too rich (Bank # 2)
P0176
P0182
P0183
Fuel Composition sensor (FCS) circuit malfunction
Fuel Temperature sensor A circuit low input
Fuel Temperature sensor A circuit high input
P0187
P0188
Fuel Temperature sensor B circuit low input
Fuel Temperature sensor B circuit high input
P0191
P0192
P0193
Injector Pressure sensor circuit performance
Injector Pressure sensor circuit low input
Injector Pressure sensor circuit high input
P0222
P0223
P0230
P0231
P0232
Throttle Position Senors B (TP-B) circuit low input
Throttle Position Sensor B (TP-B) circuit high input
Fuel Pump primary circuit malfunction
Fuel Pump secondary circuit low
Fuel Pump secondary circuit high
P0300
P0301
Random Misfire detected
Cylinder # 1 Misfire detected
P0302
P0302
Cylinder # 2 Misfire detected
Cylinder # 3 Misfire detected
P0304
Cylinder # 4 Misfire detected
P0305
P0306
P0307
Cylinder # 5 Misfire detected
Cylinder # 6 Misfire detected
Cylinder # 7 Misfire detected
P0308
P0320
P0325
Cylinder # 8 Misfire detected
Ignition Engine Speed (Profile Ignition Pickup (PIP) ) input circuit malfunction
Knock Sensor (KS) 1 circuit malfunction
P0326
P0331
P0331
Knock Sensor (KS) 1 circuit performance
Knock Sensor (KS) 2 circuit malfunction
Knock Sensor (KS) 2 circuit performance
P0340
P0350
P0351
Camshaft Position (CMP) sensor circuit malfunction (CID)
Ignition Coil primary circuit malfunction
Ignition Coil A primary circuit malfunction
P0352
P0353
P0354
Ignition Coil B primary circuit malfunction
Ignition Coil C primary circuit malfunction
Ignition Coil D primary circuit malfunction
P0385
Crankshaft Position (CKP) sensor malfunction
P0400
P0401
P0402
P0411
P0412
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) flow malfunction
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) flow insufficient detected
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) flow excess detected
Secondary Air Injection system incorrect upstream flow detected
Secondary Air Injection system switching valve A malfunction
P0413
P0414
P0416
Secondary Air Injection system switching valve A circuit open
Secondary Air Injection system switching valve A circuit shorted
Secondary Air Injection system switching valve B circuit open
P0417
P0420
P0430
Secondary Air Injection system switching valve B circuit shorted
Catalyst system efficiency below threshold (Bank # 1)
Catalyst system efficiency below threshold (Bank # 2)
P0440
P0442
P0443
Evaporative emission control system malfunction (Probe)
Evaporative emission control system small leak detected
Evaporative emission control system purge control solenoid or vapor management valve circuit malfunction
P0446
P0452
P0453
P0455
Evaporative emission control system Canister Vent (CV) solenoid control malfunction
Evaporative emission control system Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) sensor low input
Evaporative emission control system Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) sensor high input
Evaporative emission control system control leak detected (gross leak)
P0500
P0503
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) malfunction
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) circuit intermittent
P0505
P0552
P0553
Idle Air Control (IAC) system malfunction
Power steering pressure (PSP) sensor circuit low input
Power steering pressure (PSP) sensor circuit high input
P0603
P0605
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) - Keep Alive Memory (KAM) test error
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) - Read Only Memory (ROM) test error
P0703
P0704
P0707
P0708
Brake On/Off (BOO) switch input malfunction
Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) switch input circuit malfunction
Transmission Range (TR) sensor circuit low input
Transmission Range (TR) sensor circuit high input
P0712
P0713
P0715
Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) sensor circuit low input
Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) sensor circuit high input
Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor circuit malfunction
P0720
P0721
P0731
Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor circuit malfunction
Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor performance (noise)
Incorrect ratio for first gear
P0732
P0733
P0734
Incorrect ratio for second gear
Incorrect ratio for third gear
Incorrect ratio for fourth gear
P0736
P0741
P0743
Reverse incorrect gear ratio
Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) mechanical system performance
Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) electrical system malfunction
P0746
P0750
P0751
Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) solenoid performance
Shift Solenoid # 1 (SS1) circuit malfunction
Shift Solenoid # 1 (SS1) performance
P0755
P0756
P0760
P0761
Shift Solenoid # 2 (SS2) circuit malfunction
Shift Solenoid # 2 (SS2) performance
Shift Solenoid # 3 (SS3) circuit malfunction
Shift Solenoid # 3 (SS3) performance
P0781
P0782
1 to 2 shift error
2 to 3 shift error
P0783
P0784
3 to 4 shift error
4 to 5 shift error
P1000
P1001
P1100
P1101
OBD II Monitor Testing not complete
Key On Engine Running (KOER) Self-Test not able to complete. KOER aborted
Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor intermittent
Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor out of Self-Test range
P1112
P1116
P1117
Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor intermittent
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor out of Self - Test range
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor intermittent
P1120
P1121
P1124
Throttle Position (TP) sensor out of range low
Throttle Position (TP) sensor inconsistent with MAF Sensor
Throttle Position (TP) sensor out of Self -Test range 
P1125
P1127
P1128
Throttle Position (TP) sensor circuit intermittent
Exhaust not warm enough, downstream Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2Ss) not tested
Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2Ss) swapped from bank to bank
P1129
P1130
P1131
Downstream Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2Ss) swapped from bank to bank
Lack of upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 11) switch, adaptive fuel at limit (Bank # 1)
Lack of upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 11) switch, sensor indicates lean (Bank # 1))
P1132
Lack of upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 11) switch, sensor indicates rich (Bank # 1)
P1137
P1138
Lack of downstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 12) switch, sensor indicates lean (Bank # 1)
Lack of downstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 12) switch, sensor indicates rich (Bank # 1)
P1150
P1151
P1152
Lack of upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 21) switch, adaptive fuel at limit (Bank #2)
Lack of upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 21) switch, sensor indicates lean (Bank # 2)
Lack of upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 21) switch, sensor indicates rich (Bank # 2)
P1157
P1158
P1220
Lack of downstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 22) switch, sensor indicates lean (Bank # 2)
Lack of downstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S 22) switch, sensor indicates rich (Bank # 2)
Series Throttle Control system malfunction
P1224
P1230
P1231
Throttle Position Sensor B (TP-B) out of Self - Test range
Fuel pump low speed malfunction
Fuel pump secondary circuit low with high speed pump on
P1232
P1233
P1234
Low speed Fuel Pump primary circuit malfunction
Fuel Pump Driver Module disabled or offline
Fuel Pump Driver Module disabled or offline
P1235
P1236
P1237
Fuel Pump control out of Self - Test range
Fuel Pump control out of Self - Test range
Fuel Pump secondary circuit malfunction
P1238
P1260
P1270
Fuel Pump secondary circuit malfunction
THEFT detected - engine disabled
Engine RPM or vehicle speed limiter reached
P1285
P1288
P1289
Cylinder Head over temperature sensed
Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) sensor out of Self - Test range
Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) sensor circuit low input
P1290
P1299
P1351
Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) sensor circuit high input
Engine over temperature condition
Ignition Diagnostic Monitor (IDM) circuit input malfunction
P1356
P1357
P1358
PIPS occurred while IDM pulse width indicates engine not turning
Ignition Diagnostic Monitor (IDM) pulse width not defined
Ignition Diagnostic Monitor (IDM) signal out of Self - Test range
P1359
P1390
P1400
Spark output circuit malfunction
Octane Adjust (OCT ADJ) out of Self - Test range
Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor circuit low voltage detected
P1401
P1405
P1406
Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor circuit high voltage detected
Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor upstream hose off or plugged
Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor downstream hose off or plugged
P1408
P1409
P1411
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) flow out of Self - Test range
Electronic Vacuum Regulator (EVR) control circuit malfunction
Secondary Air Injection system incorrect downstream flow detected
P1413
P1414
Secondary Air Injection system monitor circuit low voltage
Secondary Air Injection system monitor circuit high voltage
P1442
Evaporative emission control system small leak detected
P1443

P1444
P1445

Evaporative emission control system - vacuum system, purge control solenoid or vapor management valve malfunction
Purge Flow (PF) Sensor circuit low input
Purge Flow (PF) Sensor circuit high input
P1449
P1450
P1452
Evaporative emission control system unable to hold vacuum (Probe)
Unable to bleed up fuel tank vacuum
Unable to bleed up fuel tank vacuum
P1455
P1460
P1461
Evaporative emission control system control leak detected (gross leak)
Wide Open Throttle Air Conditioning Cutoff (WAC) circuit malfunction
Air Conditioning Pressure (ACP) sensor circuit low input
P1462
P1463
P1464
Air Conditioning Pressure (ACP) sensor circuit high input
Air Conditioning Pressure (ACP) sensor insufficient pressure change
Air Condition (A/C) demand out of Self - Test range
P1469
P1473
P1474
Low air conditioning cycling period
Fan secondary high with fan(s) off
Low Fan Control primary circuit malfunction
P1479
P1480
P1481
High Fan Control primary circuit malfunction 
Fan secondary low with low fan on 
Fan secondary low with high fan on
P1483
P1484
P1500
Power to fan circuit over current 
Open power ground to Variable Load Control Module (VLCM) 
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) circuit intermittent 
P1501
P1504
P1505
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) out of Self - Test range 
Idle Air Control (IAC) circuit malfunction 
Idle Air Control (IAC) system at adaptive clip
P1506
P1507
P1512
Idle Air Control (IAC) overspeed error 
Idle Air Control (IAC) under speed error 
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) malfunction (Bank # 1 stuck closed)
P1513
P1516
P1517
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) malfunction (Bank # 2 stuck closed) 
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) input error (Bank # 1) 
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) input error (Bank # 2)
P1518
P1519
P1520
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) malfunction (stuck open) 
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) malfunction (stuck closed) 
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) circuit malfunction
P1530
P1537
P1538
Air Condition (A / C) clutch circuit malfunction 
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) malfunction (Bank # 1 stuck open) 
Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) malfunction (Bank # 2 stuck open) 
P1539
P1550
P1605
Power to Air condition (A / C) clutch circuit overcurrent 
Power steering Pressure (PSP) sensor out of Self - Test range 
Powertrain Control Module (PCM) - Keep Alive Memory (KAM) test error
P1625
P1626
P1650
B(+) supply to Variable Load Control Module (VCLM) fan circuit malfunction 
B(+) supply to Variable Load Control Module (VCLM) Air Condition (A / C) circuit malfunction 
Power Steering Pressure (PSP) switch out of Self - Test range
P1651
P1701
P1703
Power Steering Pressure (PSP) switch input malfunction 
Reverse engagement error 
Brake On/Off (BOO) switch out of Self - Test range
P1705
P1709
P1711
Transmission Range (TR) Sensor out of Self - Test range 
Park or Neutral Position (PNP) switch is not indicating neutral during KOEO Self - Test 
Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) sensor out of Self - Test range
P1728
P1729
P1741
Transmission slip fault 
4x4 Low switch error 
Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) control error
P1742
P1743
P1744
Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) solenoid failed on (turns on MIL) 
Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) solenoid failed on (turns on TCIL) 
Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) system mechanically stuck in off position
P1746
P1747
P1749
Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) solenoid open circuit (low input) 
Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) solenoid short circuit (high input) 
Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) solenoid failed low
P1751
P1754
P1756
Shift Solenoid # 1 (SS1) performance 
Coast Clutch Solenoid (CCS) circuit malfunction 
Shift Solenoid # 2 (SS2) performance
P1761
P1780
P1781
Shift Solenoid # 3 (SS3) performance 
Transmission Control switch (TCS) circuit out of Self - Test range 
4x4 Low switch out of Self - Test range
P1783
P1788
P1789
Transmission over temperature condition 
3-2 Timing / Coast Clutch Solenoid (3-2 / CCS) circuit open 
3-2 Timing / Coast Clutch Solenoid (3-2 / CCS) circuit shorted
U1021
U1039
U1051
SCP indicating the lack of Air Condition (A/C) clutch status response 
SCP indicating the vehicle speed signal missing or incorrect 
SCP indicating the brake switch signal missing or incorrect
U1073
U1131
U1135
SCP indicating the lack of engine coolant fan status response 
SCP indicating the lack of Fuel Pump status response 
SCP indicating the ignition switch signal missing or incorrect
U1256
U1451
SCP indicating a communications error 
Lack of response from Passive Anti-Theft system (PATS) module - engine disabled

 
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